html

    <div class="wrap">    
        <div class="left"></div>
        <div class="right"></div>
    </div>

css
方式一:BFC(块级格式化上下文)

.wrap{    
                width:1000px;
                height:400px;
                border: 1px solid red;
            }
            .left{
                width:200px;
                height:100%;
                background: gray;
                float: left;
            }
            .right{
                overflow:hidden;  /* 触发bfc */
                background: green;
                height: 100%;
            }

方式二:flex布局

       .wrap{
            width:1000px;
            height:400px;
            border:1px solid red;
            display:flex;         /*flex布局*/
        }
        .left{
            width:200px;
            height:100%;
            background:gray;
            flex:none;
        }
        .right{
            height:100%;
            background:green;
            flex:1;        /*flex布局*/
        }

方式三:table


     .wrap{
            width:1000px;
            height:400px;
            border:1px solid red;
            display:table;         /*table布局*/
        }
        .left{
            width:200px;
            height:100%;
            background:gray;
            display:table-cell;
        }
        .right{
            height:100%;
            background:green;
            display: table-cell;
        }

方式四:calc计算

       .wrap{
            width:1000px;
            height:400px;
            border:1px solid red;
        }
        .left{
            width:200px;
            height:100%;
            background:gray;
            float:left;
        }
        .right{
            height:100%;
            background:green;
            float:right;
            width:calc(100% - 200px);
        }

方式五:margin-left

       .wrap{
            width:1000px;
            height:400px;
            border:1px solid red;
        }
        .left{
            float:left;
            width:200px;
            border:1px solid red;
            height:100%;
            background:gray;
        }
        .right{
            height:100%;
            border:1px solid blue;
            width:auto;
            background:green;
            margin-left:200px;
        }